Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Based on the scientific method, science supports the explanation of the natural
world that
a. | is the absolute and final truth. | b. | is proven to be correct. | c. | most people
believe. | d. | can be tested so thoroughly that it is then advanced to the status of a
law. | e. | best explains all available observations. |
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2.
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The nebular hypothesis suggest that:
a. | all bodies in the solar system formed from an enormous
gas cloud. | b. | Earth’s moon
is an asteroid captured by the Earth’s gravity. | c. | galaxies such as the Milky Way form independent of one
another. | d. | the Earth was formed as a cosmic explosion, a “big
bang”. | e. | the moon is
derived from a protoplanet. |
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3.
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The separation of the Earth into layers was the
result of the:
a. | decrease in temperature downward toward the
core. | b. | differing densities of the rock and mineral
materials. | c. | gravitational
force created by the rotating Earth. | d. | initial collection
of materials and their position in the Earth. | e. | presence of water
at Earth’s surface. |
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4.
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Free oxygen in our atmosphere is important to the
development and maintenance of life on Earth because oxygen:
a. | combines with iron in volcanic
rocks. | b. | can form ozone and block some UV
radiation. | c. | is necessary for
photosynthesis to occur. | d. | reduces
atmospheric temperature. | e. | was very abundant
in our early atmosphere. |
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5.
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The oceans are believed to have formed about
a. | 4.6 billion years ago | b. | 4 billion years ago. | c. | 4.6 million years
ago. | d. | 4 thousand years ago. |
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6.
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Stanley Miller's 1952 experiment demonstrated that
a. | Earth most likely originated as a gas and space dust cloud that condensed under the
influence of gravity. | b. | organic molecules could be created from the
materials contained in Earth's early atmosphere and ocean. | c. | the shape of Earth
is actually an oblate spheroid. | d. | the Protoearth had temperatures above 1000
degrees Centigrade. |
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7.
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The cosmological model for the formation of the sun and the rest of our solar
system is called the ___________________.
a. | Big Bang Theory | b. | Natural Selection
Hypothesis | c. | Nebular Hypothesis | d. | Bolide Theory | e. | Model of Star
Genesis |
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8.
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The __________ is a subset of the Earth system that comprises all of its bodies
of water and ice, both on the surface and underground.
a. | biosphere | b. | ionosphere | c. | hydrosphere | d. | lithosphere | e. | atmosphere |
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9.
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According to the planetary accretion model,
a. | planets evolved from molten material condensing from an early solar
nebula | b. | planets assembled themselves from meteorite-like debris | c. | most of
today’s meteorites are the debris that never managed to be swept up by a
planet | d. | All of the above statements are true | e. | Only B and C are
true |
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10.
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The study of geology is important because:
a. | it helps us understand and mitigate the potential threats of geologic hazards, such
as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, floods, and even meteorite impact | b. | it helps us
understand the processes that govern the Earth system | c. | it is important to understand the times scales
that govern Earth processes | d. | None of the above statements are
true | e. | All of the above statements are true |
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